The digestive system

Hello, in science we have been learning about the digestive organs, and how they work. Ingestion is the consumption of a substance by an organism. In animals, it normally is accomplished by taking in a substance through the mouth into the gastrointestinal tract; such as through eating or drinking. In single-celled organisms, ingestion takes place by absorbing a substance through the cell membrane.

Egestion- Egestion is the act or process of voiding or discharging undigested food as feces. To egest means to discharge undigested material or food.

Digestion-Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma. In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the bloodstream.

Absorption- Digestion is the chemical breakdown of the ingested food into absorbable molecules. Absorption refers to the movement of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from the lumen of the small intestine into the cell, then into the blood.

Teeth- Food is broken down into smaller pieces in the mouth by chewing. This is an example of mechanical digestion. The teeth cut and crush food, and the pieces are mixed with saliva to form a ball of food called a bolus.

Large intestine The large intestine (colon or large bowel) is about 5 feet long and about 3 inches in diameter. The colon absorbs water from wastes

Esophagus Anatomically and functionally, the esophagus is the least complex section of the digestive tube. Its role in digestion is simple: to convey boluses of food from the pharynx to the stomach. The esophagus begins as an extension of the pharynx in the back of the oral cavity.

Stomach The stomach secretes acids and enzymes that digest food. Ridges of muscle tissue called rugae line the stomach. The stomach muscles contract periodically, churning food to enhance digestion. The pyloric sphincter is a muscular valve that opens to allow food to pass from the stomach to the small intestine

Anus The anus is the opening at the far end of the digestive tract through which stool leaves the body. The anus is formed partly from the surface layers of the body, including the skin, and partly from the intestine. The anus is lined with a continuation of the external skin.

Liver The liver is an organ about the size of a football. It sits just under your rib cage on the right side of your abdomen. The liver is essential for digesting food and ridding your body of toxic substances. Liver disease can be inherited (genetic).

Rectum The rectum is the concluding part of the large intestine that terminates in the anus. The average length of the human rectum may range between 10 and 15 cm. Its diameter can be compared to that of the sigmoid colon (the part of the large intestine nearest the rectum)

Small intestine The small intestine or small bowel is an organ in the gastrointestinal tract where most of the end absorption of nutrients and minerals from food takes place. It lies between the stomach and large intestine and receives bile and pancreatic juice through the pancreatic duct to aid in digestion.

Coralines resumes

 Hello, in film studies I have made two resumes for two of the main characters in the movie Coraline, I did one on Coraline because she is the main character in Coraline, Obviously, and I also did one for Wybie since he is one of my favorite characters.

Heart Dissection

Hello, in science we have been learning about what's in the heart and how it works. The right side of the heart receives oxygen from your veins and pumps it to your lungs where it picks up the oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. Then the left side receives the oxygen from the lungs and pumps it through the arteries to the rest of your body, this makes the left side of the heart a lot thicker than the right because it has more work to do. The reason we dissected the heart so we could see what the heart looks like in real life instead of a drawing. When we were dissecting the heart we weren't able to see the atrium because when the pig was butchered the atrium was cut off. 

 

Pollution Essay Hur1

 Hello, I have been writing an essay on pollution for a while now and I've finally finished it, here is what I wrote.

    Pollution is a major threat and in this essay, I explain why and how we can solve it. The main cause of pollution is us, humans, because of us wanting to evolve and improve it has led us to trash the earth and ruin our future on this planet. The main impact of pollution is global warming and health issues such as lung cancer come with it as pollution gets worse and eventually, the planet will become uninhabitable, and finally, the biggest solution to pollution is human extinction which is very extreme and unlikely to be our first choice.

    The causes of pollution are not just limited to fossil fuels and carbon emissions. There are a lot of other types of pollution including chemical pollution into bodies of water and soil through improper disposal and agricultural activities. The combustion of fossil fuels like coal, petroleum, and other factory combustibles is a major cause of air pollution. These are generally used in power plants, manufacturing facilities, and waste incinerators, as well as furnaces and other types of fuel-burning heating devices. 

    Pollution may cause muddy landscapes, poison soils, and waterways, or kill plants and animals. Humans are also regularly harmed by pollution. Long-term exposure to air pollution, for example, can lead to chronic respiratory disease, lung cancer, and other diseases. Air pollution is considered as the major environmental risk factor in the incidence and progression of some diseases such as asthma, lung cancer, ventricular hypertrophy, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, psychological complications, autism, retinopathy, fetal growth, and low birth weight.

    The most basic solution for air pollution is to move away from fossil fuels, replacing them with alternative energies like solar, wind, and geothermal. Producing clean energy is crucial. But equally important is to reduce our consumption of energy by adopting responsible habits and using more efficient devices. We can also try modifying a production process to produce less waste. Implementing water and energy conservation practices, reusing materials such as drums and pallets rather than disposing of them as waste.

    Pollution is a very serious problem and is very difficult to solve because of how badly it has gotten and how hard it is to solve it. Writing this essay has helped me understand how pollution can be solved and dire our situation is, so my respect for people who are trying to solve pollution has gone up.

Sources: https://climatekids.nasa.gov/air-pollution/#:~:text=The%20Short%20Answer%3A,mold%20spores%2C%20volcanoes%20and%20wildfires.

https://ecavo.com/pollution-causes-effects/ 

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128190012000218

https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-of-air-pollution.php

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollution

P.E Gymnastics 2

 Hello, all I did today in P.E was flips, I have definitely improved from last time I now jump higher and spin better and land a little better, the hardest thing was landing better, I land too hard atm but I'm aiming to improve.

Coraline Freytags Pyramid

 Hello, in this blog post I am writing about what I did today in hur2, I chose to make a Freytag's Pyramid for the movie Coraline, a Freytag's pyramid is a timeline where the climax is in the middle of the pyramid including the start, the complication, the rising action, the climax, the falling action, the resolution, and the denouement.

What do you like about my pyramid and what do you not like about it?

Hur8 Discovery Task

Hello, 4 weeks ago in Health Kody and I decided to team up. Our tasks were to answer 5 questions of our choice, then describe 3 ways to improve and manage our chosen health issue if you or a friend were to experience it. Explain how it will improve wellbeing in the short term and long term. Then after that, we needed to create an activity or make something that teaches another group or the class about your topic/findings, so we chose to do an essay

Answers to the questions 

1 Cannabis can cause schizophrenia and anxiety it can also heighten your senses (colors might seem brighter and sounds might seem louder) Distort your sense of time Hurt your motor skills and make driving more dangerous.

2 People around you might smoke so you could be forced to smoke or feel forced to smoke because you want to fit in with others around you, people also think it could help them in their daily life so that might be another reason why they chose to smoke weed.

3 In NZ it's medically legal but recreationally illegal, only people with a prescription are able to purchase it. People that have serious conditions such as Cancer and Epilepsy are able to get a prescription

4 You can become addicted after constant abuse of weed, if you're addicted and stop smoking withdrawal symptoms are diminished appetite mood changes irritability sleep difficulties, including insomnia headaches loss of focus cravings for marijuana sweating, including cold sweats chills increased feelings of depression stomach problems.

5 When a person uses marijuana, the principal psychoactive chemical called tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) passes from the lungs (with smoking) or digestive tract (with edibles) into the bloodstream. The blood carries THC to the brain, where it acts on specific cannabinoid receptors. These receptors are predominantly found in areas of the brain associated with concentration, thinking, sensory and time perception, pleasure, memory, and coordination. Overactivation of these areas by THC causes the “high” that people feel. Marijuana use can impair functions such as attention, memory, and learning, and these effects can last up to several days beyond the time of actual “high”.

Kody and I worked very well together since we already had a lot of knowledge about weed because we have researched this before, and we also work very well together. I think this was too easy because we were given too much time.